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"Why do I keep engaging in unhealthy behaviors?" "I'm lost about my life choices"—behind such actions and anxieties often lies a discrepancy (gap) between the values you genuinely cherish and your current behavior. The Personal Values Card Sort, explained in this article, is a powerful psychological tool devised by Motivational Interviewing (MI) authority William R. Miller and his colleagues to clarify one's core values. Through the process of sorting approximately 80 value cards and prioritizing them, participants discover the true principles that guide them.Let's explore the purpose, procedure, and clinical applications of this Card Sort, examining how it encourages behavior change and leads to a richer, value-congruent life.

School teachers are the core personnel supporting Japan's education system, but in recent years, the high turnover rate due driven by long working hours and heavy mental pressure has become a serious social issue. The main factors are extended working hours that often exceed the karōshi (death by overwork) line, due to club activity instruction and huge amounts of administrative and miscellaneous tasks, as well as the mental exhaustion caused by diverse and increasing demands from parents and society. The high public nature of compulsory education creates a structure where the scope of duties is vast and tends to expand endlessly, eroding the teachers' mental and physical health.This article provides a detailed explanation of the factors leading to the high turnover rate in this profession, examining them from four perspectives: working conditions, compensation/benefits, workload, and career development.

Nursing is a highly specialized profession that serves as the core of the medical team, supporting patients' lives and well-being. However, due to its harsh working environment, it is one of the professions with a high turnover rate. The biggest factors are the irregular and physically demanding night shift system, the immense mental pressure associated with patient crises and life support, and the excessive workload due to chronic staff shortages. While high professionalism and ethical standards are demanded, the difficult working conditions accelerate the exhaustion of the mind and body.This article provides a detailed explanation of the factors leading to the high turnover rate in this profession, examining them from four perspectives: working conditions, compensation/benefits, workload, and career development.

Care work is a specialized profession that plays an extremely important role in an aging society, yet its high turnover rate has been a persistent issue for years. The biggest factors are the heavy physical labor involved in direct personal care, the immense mental pressure of being responsible for the lives and well-being of users, and the low wage level that is entirely incommensurate with the expertise and harshness of the work. Furthermore, the combination of excessive workload due to staff shortages and irregular night shifts creates a structure highly prone to mental and physical exhaustion.This article provides a detailed explanation of the factors leading to the high turnover rate in this profession, examining them from four perspectives: working conditions, compensation/benefits, workload, and career development.

Kindergarten teaching is a highly specialized job that establishes the foundation for young children's growth, yet it is one of the professions with a high turnover rate. The main factors include long working hours due to extensive administrative and miscellaneous tasks in addition to education/care, the heavy burden of after-hours work, especially for event preparation, and the mental stress arising from differences in values with parents. Furthermore, the low wage level, which does not match the heavy workload, creates a structure that exhausts the mind and body.This article provides a detailed explanation of the factors leading to the high turnover rate in this profession, examining them from four perspectives: working conditions, compensation/benefits, workload, and career development.